Opinions of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council on developing new quality productive forces!

of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the

State Council on the Development of New Quality Productive Forces The development of new quality productive forces is the inherent requirement and important focus of promoting high-quality development. In order to speed up the development of new productive forces, the following suggestions are put forward.

First, the overall requirement

is to adhere to Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era as a guide, thoroughly implement the spirit of the 20th and 20th Plenary sessions of the CPC, conscientiously implement the deployment of the Fourth Plenary Session of the CPC Central Committee, completely, accurately and comprehensively implement the new development concept, adhere to innovation as the leading factor, reform as the key, adjust measures to local conditions, establish first and then break through, and strive to build a well-off society in an all-round way. We should adhere to high technology, high efficiency and high quality, coordinate the relationship between government and market, quality and format, reform and development, autonomy and openness, coordinate development and security, take scientific and technological innovation as the lead, take the substantial increase of total factor productivity as the core symbol, and promote technological revolutionary breakthroughs and innovative allocation of production factors. Promote the optimal combination and renewal of workers, means of labor and objects of labor, comprehensively promote scientific and technological innovation, industrial innovation, development mode innovation, institutional mechanism innovation and talent working mechanism innovation, accelerate the formation of production relations more compatible with new quality productivity, create a good development ecology conducive to the deep integration of scientific and technological innovation and industrial innovation, and better support high-quality development.

2. Vigorously promote scientific and technological innovation

(1) Strengthen original and subversive scientific and technological innovation. We should persist in facing the world's scientific and technological frontiers, the main battlefield of the economy, the major needs of the country and the people's lives and health, and focus on strategic, symbolic and leading products to organize major scientific and technological projects. We should attach equal importance to goal-oriented and free exploration, solve the weak problems of technological science and engineering science through organized basic research and applied basic research, and support the development and innovation of free exploration basic research. We should coordinate the construction of scientific and technological innovation platform bases, systematically lay out and build major scientific and technological infrastructure, strengthen open sharing, and avoid duplication and decentralization. Implement the breakthrough plan of basic disciplines and interdisciplinary disciplines. We will strengthen original theoretical research and key common technologies, leading edge technologies, modern engineering technologies, and subversive technological innovations.

(2) Accelerating breakthroughs in key core technologies. Give full play to the advantages of the new national system, organize and implement high-quality development actions and industrial innovation projects in key manufacturing industrial chains in key areas, and strengthen the whole chain tackling key problems, all-factor support and ecological construction. Implement the first (set) and the first batch of application policies to promote technology iteration and upgrading.

(3) Coordinating the construction of national strategic scientific and technological forces. Give full play to the role of national laboratories in organizing major national science and technology projects and building major national innovation platforms, and try first in the reform of the system and mechanism. Guided by the national strategic needs, we should optimize the positioning and layout of national scientific research institutions, high-level research universities and leading enterprises in science and technology. We will gradually establish a salary system for institutions of higher learning and scientific research institutes that stimulates innovation, guides knowledge value, has standardized and effective management, and gives consideration to both security and incentives, and simultaneously promote the reform of national scientific research institutions and high-level research universities, so as to mobilize the enthusiasm of scientific research institutions and researchers. Scientific research institutions are allowed to implement a more flexible management system. Give full play to the key role of science and technology leading enterprises in promoting the deep integration of innovation chain, industry chain, capital chain and talent chain.

(4) Strengthen the dominant position of enterprises in scientific and technological innovation. We should strengthen the supply of inclusive incentive policies, establish a reserve system for enterprise research and development, and strengthen the leading role of enterprise investment in science and technology. Small and medium-sized technology-based enterprises are encouraged to increase R & D investment and increase the proportion of R & D expenses plus deductions. Enterprise R & D projects that meet the national strategic needs will be upgraded to national projects according to procedures, enterprises will be encouraged to take the lead in national scientific and technological tasks, and competent private enterprises will be supported to take the lead in undertaking major national technological research tasks. Establish a mechanism for users to assess and evaluate the results, and strengthen the dominant position of enterprises in the transformation of achievements. We will improve the institutional arrangements for promoting original innovation in state-owned enterprises. Support the development of specialized, special and new small and medium-sized enterprises.

(5) Accelerating the transformation of scientific and technological achievements into real productive forces. Make good use of the advantages of super-large-scale market, promote the efficient docking of technology and market, and promote the large-scale development of new quality productivity. Implement large-scale application demonstration of new technologies, new products and new scenarios. Layout and construction of concept verification and pilot verification platform, and increase the construction and opening of application scenarios. Explore the establishment of the whole process evaluation mechanism of scientific and technological projects, deploy R & D and transformation tasks as a whole when setting up projects, and assess the application performance during acceptance, so as to solve the problem of disconnection between technological development and achievement transformation. Institutions of higher learning and scientific research institutes should be guided to license scientific and technological achievements to small and medium-sized enterprises in accordance with the method of first use and then payment. Promote large enterprises to open their supply chains to small and medium-sized enterprises, and support small and medium-sized enterprises to become an important force in the industrialization of achievements. Leading the change of scientific research paradigm with artificial intelligence to help improve the efficiency of scientific research.

3. Promoting the deep integration

of scientific and technological innovation and industrial innovation (6) Upgrading traditional industries. Hold the foundation of the real economy and consolidate and expand the hard power of Chinese manufacturing. The upgrading of national standards will lead the optimization and upgrading of traditional industries, and support enterprises to upgrade traditional industries with digital intelligence technology and green technology. We will organize and implement actions to upgrade the quality of key industries and consolidate and enhance the position and competitiveness of mining, metallurgy, chemical industry, light industry, textile, machinery, shipbuilding, construction and other industries in the global industrial division of labor. We will carry out projects to rebuild the industrial base, tackle key problems in major technical equipment, upgrade major manufacturing technologies, and renew large-scale equipment. We will strengthen financial support for technological transformation of manufacturing enterprises, implement preferential tax policies related to investment in technological transformation, promote the digitalization transformation of manufacturing industry, and develop intelligent manufacturing, green manufacturing and service-oriented manufacturing. Enhance the basic ability of quality technology and strengthen brand building. In-depth implementation of a new round of 100 billion kilograms of grain production capacity promotion action, seed industry revitalization action, smart agriculture action, high-quality development action of agricultural machinery and equipment, facility agriculture modernization promotion action and agricultural science and technology innovation conditions construction project, the development of agricultural factories and other new forms. We will implement actions to expand the capacity and improve the quality of the service industry, promote the extension of producer services to specialization and high-end value chains in different areas, and promote the development of high-quality, diversified and convenient life services.

(7) Fostering and expanding new industries. Focus on building new pillar industries. We will accelerate the development of strategic emerging industries such as new generation information technology, new energy, new materials, intelligent networking, new energy vehicles, robotics, biomedicine, high-end equipment, aerospace and other strategic emerging industries, build strategic emerging industrial clusters with different characteristics and complementary advantages according to local conditions, and promote resource concentration, subject concentration, achievement integration, division of labor and cooperation. We should deepen the professional division of labor within industries and products, promote cross-industry and cross-regional integration, and avoid "involution" competition. With the industrial chain as the leading factor and enterprises as the main body, we should establish a cross-regional industrial cooperation mechanism to support the eastern region to drive the central, western and northeastern regions to develop new industries according to local conditions. On the premise of ensuring safety, we should promote the healthy and orderly development of low-altitude economy and commercial space.

(8) Prospective layout of future industries. Explore multiple technology routes, typical application scenarios, feasible business models and market regulatory rules, promote the development of future industries such as quantum technology, bio-manufacturing, hydrogen energy and nuclear fusion energy, brain-computer interface, embodied intelligence, sixth generation mobile communications, and accelerate the formation of a relatively complete industrial ecology. Establish a mechanism for future industrial investment growth and risk sharing, make full use of existing fiscal policies to support future industrial development, and guide social capital to continue to increase investment.

(9) Promoting the deep integration of the real economy and the digital economy. We will improve the system of identifying the ownership of data property rights, market transactions, distribution of rights and interests, and protection of interests, implement pilot demonstration projects related to data elements, and fully release the potential of data elements. Optimize the layout, construction and operation of national data infrastructure, carry out in-depth digital transformation of manufacturing industry, implement such projects as "East Digital West Computing", "Intelligent Manufacturing" and "Industrial Internet Innovation and Development", and build a national integrated computing network and a national blockchain network. We will improve the policy system for promoting digital industrialization and industrial digitalization, and create a digital industrial cluster with international competitiveness.

(10) Fully implement the "artificial intelligence plus" action. We will promote the transformation of traditional industries by artificial intelligence, and accelerate the application of new generation intelligent terminal scenarios such as intelligent network, new energy vehicles, artificial intelligence mobile phones and computers, and humanoid robots. We will accelerate the innovation of digital intelligence technologies such as artificial intelligence, break through basic theories and core technologies, and strengthen the efficient supply of computing power, algorithms, and data. The national artificial intelligence industry application pilot base and high-value application scenarios should be laid out according to local conditions and different industries, so as to vigorously promote the application of artificial intelligence in various industries. Establish technical monitoring, risk early warning and emergency response system to ensure the safety, reliability and controllability of artificial intelligence.

4. Promoting the innovation

of development mode (11) Building a green low-carbon circular development economic system. Strengthen the green manufacturing industry, develop the green service industry, and expand the green energy industry. We should adhere to the combination of source reduction, process control and efficient end management, comprehensively promote the green transformation of key industries, and accelerate the innovation of green science and technology and the popularization and application of advanced green technology. We will improve the incentive mechanism for green consumption, strengthen the construction of green product certification and labeling system, improve the level of green consumption, and promote the supply of green products through green consumption. Build a number of zero-carbon factories and parks. We will improve the system of total resource management and overall conservation, and improve the waste recycling system.

(12) Optimizing the green development policy toolbox. We will implement fiscal, taxation, financial, investment, price, science and technology, and environmental protection policies to promote green and low-carbon development. We will improve the mechanism for realizing the value of ecological products, comprehensively implement the dual control system for the total amount and intensity of carbon emissions, and improve the statistical accounting system for carbon emissions, the standard measurement system, the product carbon labeling and certification system, and the product carbon footprint management system. With the national carbon market as the main body, we should improve the carbon pricing mechanism, expand the coverage of the national carbon emission trading market, optimize the allocation scheme of carbon emission quotas, speed up the construction of the voluntary greenhouse gas emission reduction trading market, and improve the national unified green certificate market. Promote financial institutions to provide diversified green financial products. Optimize the government's green procurement policy and improve the green tax system. Implement a green ecology-oriented agricultural subsidy system.

(Thirteen) actively promote the energy revolution. Focus on the goal of carbon peak and carbon neutralization, develop advanced nuclear fission energy in an orderly manner, build a high proportion of renewable energy power system, improve new energy consumption and control policies and measures, organize demonstration and promotion of major application scenarios, accelerate the process of green energy use in production and life of the whole society, promote energy consumption, supply, technology and system revolution, and strengthen international cooperation in an all-round way.

5. Promoting institutional and institutional innovation

(14) Focusing on the close integration of science, technology and economy and deepening reform.We should deploy scientific and technological tasks on demand in major national projects, improve the demand-oriented topic selection system, the management system with consistent responsibilities and rights, and the application-oriented evaluation system. We will deepen the reform of the empowerment of scientific and technological achievements and the separate management of assets. Allow qualified state-owned enterprises to carry out various forms of incentives. We will build an open, shared and secure national integrated data market, improve and transform efficient technology markets, and promote the efficient agglomeration and smooth flow of all kinds of advanced and high-quality production factors.

(Fifteen) improve the market supervision system. We should improve the market access system and strengthen anti-monopoly and anti-unfair competition. Strengthen the governance of artificial intelligence, biology and other fields. Strengthen cross-sectoral joint supervision, innovate supervision methods, reduce the number of on-site supervision, explore the supervision mode of "data decision-making, data management", and enhance the intelligent level of cross-sectoral comprehensive supervision. Establish an efficient comprehensive management system of intellectual property rights and improve the punitive damages system. To study the tax system suitable for the new format.

(Sixteen) increase the supply of financial innovation products. We should encourage and standardize the development of angel investment, venture capital and private equity investment, better play the leading role of government investment funds, improve the support policies for early, small, long-term and key and core technology of long-term capital investment, and strengthen patient capital. Banks are encouraged to develop loan products that meet the characteristics of new quality productivity. We will enrich the product system of science and technology innovation bonds, support the listing and financing of high-quality science and technology enterprises, and optimize the system of mergers and acquisitions, restructuring and equity incentives for science and technology enterprises. Develop insurance products covering the whole chain of scientific and technological innovation, and explore business such as science and technology leasing.

(17) Global allocation of advanced production factors. We will open wider to the outside world at a high level and make good use of the global market. Free trade pilot zones are encouraged to gather advanced production factors at home and abroad in the light of location characteristics, resource endowments and industrial advantages. We will give full play to the role of various multilateral and bilateral cooperation mechanisms, promote the co-construction of platforms such as science and technology parks, "the Belt and Road" joint laboratories, and international advanced technology application promotion centers, and actively build a global innovation cooperation network. Take the lead in implementing and actively participating in international big science programs and big science projects. Foreign venture capital institutions and international standards organizations are encouraged to develop in China. Establish an efficient, convenient and safe mechanism for cross-border data flow.

6. Deepening the innovation

of talent working mechanism (18) Training talents urgently needed for the development of new quality productive forces. Promote the reform of the system and mechanism of educational science and technology talents as a whole. We will promote the upgrading and expansion of higher education, develop new research-oriented universities, and optimize the adjustment mechanism for the establishment of disciplines and specialties in institutions of higher learning in accordance with the development trend of industry and science and technology. Promote the high-quality development of modern vocational education, and comprehensively promote the training mode of skilled personnel with the integration of work and study. Insist on training talents in practice. Enterprises and institutions of higher learning are encouraged to jointly customize the training of talents, and support craftsmen and highly skilled personnel in large countries to serve as practical training teachers in vocational schools. Give full play to the important role of popularization of science and technology in improving the quality of workers.

(Nineteen) improve the policy of talent use and mobility. We will implement preferential tax policies, improve the lifelong vocational skills training system, implement the manufacturing talent support plan and the knowledge renewal project for professional and technical personnel, and support employers in training talents. We will accelerate the appropriate decoupling of assessment and incentives for scientific research personnel from reporting projects, publishing papers and awarding awards, so as to prevent the simple determination of salaries, titles and treatment according to the "hat" of talents. We should speed up the elimination of all kinds of hidden barriers and smooth the channels for the exchange of talents among institutions of higher learning, scientific research institutes and enterprises. We will improve the vocational skill grading system for "new eight-level workers" and smooth the upward development channels for industrial workers.

7. To strengthen the organization and implementation

, all relevant departments in all regions should, under the centralized and unified leadership of the Party Central Committee, strengthen the idea of a national chess game, adhere to local conditions, strengthen classified guidance and overall planning in key areas, and optimize the distribution of major productive forces. Insisting on establishing first, then breaking down, and seeking progress while maintaining stability, we should not break away from reality to emptiness, seek perfection, engage in bubbles, hollow industries or industrial faults, and blindly seek new ones. Leading cadres at all levels should establish and practice the correct view of political achievement, explore the development path in light of the actual situation, strictly prohibit the abuse of policies in the name of developing new quality productive forces, and seriously investigate the responsibility for the heavy losses caused by rushing to the top and blind investment. Strengthen coordination and cooperation among departments to form joint efforts. The Central Finance Office and the National Development and Reform Commission should coordinate theoretical research, strategic planning, cross-regional and cross-sectoral coordination, follow-up monitoring and evaluation. Summarize experience and practice in time, strengthen publicity and promotion, and create a good atmosphere. Major matters shall be reported to the Party Central Committee and the State Council in a timely manner in accordance with the procedures.