accident investigation team, through on-site investigation, investigation and evidence collection, and expert demonstration, found out the course, causes, casualties and direct economic losses of the accident, and identified the nature and responsibility of the accident. The treatment opinions of the responsible personnel and responsible units are put forward, the outstanding problems and lessons exposed by the accident are analyzed, and the measures and suggestions for strengthening and improving the work are put forward. The investigation of the accident is reported as follows:
I. Basic information
of the accident (I) Basic information of
the unit where the accident occurred Ningxia Jinyuyuan Resources Recycling Co., Ltd. (Unified Social Credit Code: 91640381xxxxxx2105) was established in January 2016. Located in Qingtongxia Town, Qingtongxia City, with a registered capital of 50 million yuan and legal representative Qiu Shaohua, the company is mainly engaged in the production and sale of calcium carbide and cement, with 575 employees.
The company has set up a safety production committee, and Qiu Shaohua, the general manager, is the first person responsible for the company's safety production. Six production devices are set up, namely, the first calcium carbide device, the second calcium carbide device, the raw material device, the raw material device, the finished product device and the power device; There are 3 functional sections: Safety and Environmental Protection Section, Production Management Section and Comprehensive Management Section, with 9 full-time safety management personnel.
The accident occurred in the raw material unit area of the cement production system. There are three concentration tanks, which are located in the southwest of the plant area and are arranged in the shape of "pin". The main body is a concrete structure, which is mainly responsible for the treatment of calcium carbide sludge with 90% water content from the acetylene station of Ningxia Jinyuyuan Energy Chemical Co., Ltd. The technical process comprises the following steps of: injecting the calcium carbide sludge into a concentration tank through a pipeline for concentration and thickening, and pumping the calcium carbide sludge into a slurry silo by a slurry pump after the calcium carbide sludge is concentrated into calcium carbide sludge with the water content of 66-70%. The accident occurred in 1 # thickener, which was under maintenance at that time, and 2 # and 3 # thickeners were in normal feeding operation. Technical Parameters
of Thickener 2. Casualties and direct economic losses caused by the accident resulted in one death and one injury. The direct economic loss caused by the accident is about 2.83 million yuan. 3. Cause and nature of the accident (I) Direct cause After comprehensive analysis, the direct cause of the accident is that Ningxia Jinyuyuan Resources Recycling Co., Ltd. did not fully identify the risk of collapse in cleaning up calcium carbide mud. Organize personnel to use water belt to clean up calcium carbide sludge at the bottom of 1 # concentration tank. During the washing process, the structural stability of the sludge was unbalanced and collapsed, burying the workers, resulting in one death and one injury. (II) Indirect reasons 1. The enterprise has formulated the Safety Management Standards for Special Work Permits, which stipulates that all kinds of operations on holidays should be upgraded and managed. The day of operation is the weekend. According to the enterprise management regulations, the person in charge of the plant, the person in charge of the safety and environmental protection department and the deputy general manager should be examined and approved successively. However, in fact, after the deputy chief of the plant signed and approved the consent, without the approval and signature of the Safety and Environmental Protection Section, it was directly approved by the deputy general manager Tao Mooming, who signed and approved the operation in the review and approval column, and Liu Mou, the deputy chief of the plant, did not go to the site to confirm the safety measures item by item in accordance with the provisions of the operation ticket when signing the consent. Secondly, the enterprise also handled the "Safety Permit for High-altitude Operations" on the same day, but three operators who did not have the qualification for high-altitude operations (without the "Special Operation Certificate for High-altitude Operations") were selected to carry out high-altitude operations. 2. The "Possible Risk Factors and Injuries and Accidents" in the "Operation of Cleaning up the Mud at the Bottom of the Concentrator" formulated by the enterprise lack the risk factors that the mud collapses and buries people, so no corresponding control measures have been taken. 3. The company's "Operation of Cleaning the Mud at the Bottom of the Concentration Tank" stipulates that "personnel do not wear rain pants, protective glasses and rubber gloves correctly, which may cause eye and skin burns", but in actual operation, two personnel who enter the bottom of the concentration tank still do not wear rain pants and protective glasses in accordance with the regulations. 4. Five middle-level managers (including one plant leader, two deputy plant leaders, one safety officer and one technician) are set up in the raw material plant of the enterprise. They should be responsible for the work within their respective responsibilities. However, due to the shortage of personnel and frequent equipment failures, the five middle-level managers have mixed posts, and the work arrangement is arbitrary. Resulting in the lack of post safety responsibilities. (3) The nature of the accident was confirmed by investigation that the accident was a general collapse production safety responsibility accident caused by the collapse of calcium carbide mud in the concentration tank, which was caused by the enterprise's inadequate identification of the collapse risk of calcium carbide mud in the concentration tank and the arrangement of operators to enter the bottom of the concentration tank for cleaning. 4. Identification of accident liability and suggestions for dealing with those responsible for the accident (1) Ningxia Jinyuyuan Resources Recycling Co., Ltd.The main responsibility of the enterprise for safety production was not fulfilled properly, and the personnel without qualification for working at heights were arranged to work at heights; the risk classification control was not in place, and the risk of collapse after serious mud accumulation in the concentration tank of the raw material device was not identified; the education and supervision of the employees to implement the safety production rules and regulations of the unit were not in place, and the approval process of the operation ticket was not strictly implemented; Failure to supervise and educate employees to wear and use labor protection articles in accordance with the rules of use. The above facts violate Article 30 [ 1 ] and Paragraph 1 of Article 41 [ 2 ] of the Production Safety Law of the People's Republic of China. The provisions of Article 44, paragraph 1 [ 3 ] and Article 45 [ 4 ], in accordance with the provisions of Article 114 [ 5 ] of the Safety Production Law of the People's Republic of China, It is suggested that administrative penalties be imposed by the Municipal Emergency Management Bureau. (2) Qiu Mouhua, General Manager of Ningxia Jinyuyuan Resources Recycling Co., Ltd. As the main responsible person of the company, he failed to implement the safety production responsibility system of the whole staff of the unit, mixed posts of raw material plant personnel, and lack of post safety responsibilities; failed to organize and implement the safety production rules and regulations and operating procedures of the unit; failed to organize and implement the risk classification management and control work, and failed to supervise and inspect the safety production work of the unit; he was the main leader responsible for the accident. The above facts violate the provisions of Article 21 (1), (2) and (5) [ 6 ] of the Production Safety Law of the People's Republic of China, and according to the provisions of Article 95 (1) [ 7 ] of the Production Safety Law of the People's Republic of China, It is suggested that administrative penalties be imposed by the Municipal Emergency Management Bureau. Tao Mooming, Deputy General Manager of Ningxia Jinyuyuan Resources Recycling Co., Ltd. As the deputy general manager of the company, he was responsible for the safety management of the company's production and operation activities in accordance with the requirements of "three management and three necessities". He participated in the formulation of the safety production and operation procedures for the raw material unit of the cement system, which were not perfect. He did not organize the identification and assessment of the hazard sources, and did not identify the collapse risk of the concentration tank of the raw material unit after serious sludge accumulation; He did not put forward suggestions to improve the safety production management for the situation that the personnel of the raw material unit were in disorder; he directed three personnel who did not have the qualification of working at heights to work at heights in violation of regulations, and he was responsible for the accident. The above facts violate the provisions of Article 25 (1), (3), (5) and (6) [ 8 ] of the Production Safety Law of the People's Republic of China . It is suggested that administrative penalties be imposed by the Municipal Emergency Management Bureau. (4) Zou Mouqing, Safety Director and Chief of Safety and Environmental Protection Section of Ningxia Jinyuyuan Resources Recycling Co., Ltd. As the safety management personnel of the company, he participated in the preparation of the safety production operation procedures for the raw material unit of the cement system, which were not perfect; he failed to organize the identification and assessment of the hazard sources, and failed to identify the collapse risk of the concentration tank of the raw material unit after serious sludge accumulation; he failed to find out the hidden dangers of production safety accidents in time, and put forward suggestions for improving the safety production management; he was responsible for the accident. The above facts violate the provisions of Items 1, 3 and 5 [ 10 ] of Article 25 of the Production Safety Law of the People's Republic of China. According to the provisions of Article 96 [9] of the Production Safety Law of the People's Republic of China, it is suggested that the Municipal Emergency Management Bureau impose administrative penalties. (5) Xu Mou, head of raw material plant of Ningxia Jinyuyuan Resources Recycling Co., Ltd. As the unit chief of the company's raw material unit, he was responsible for the safety management of the company's production and operation activities in accordance with the requirements of "three management and three necessities". He did not find out the collapse risk of the mud removal operation of the raw material unit in time, did not put forward suggestions to improve the safety production management for the situation of mixed posts, and did not find and stop the violation of the operating procedures in time. He was responsible for the important leadership responsibility for the accident. The above facts violate the provisions of Article 25 (5) and (6) [ 11 ] of the Production Safety Law of the People's Republic of China . It is suggested that administrative penalties be imposed by the Municipal Emergency Management Bureau. (6) Liu Mou, Deputy Director of Raw Material Equipment Maintenance of Ningxia Jinyuyuan Resources Recycling Co., Ltd. As the deputy head of the company's raw material plant, according to the requirements of "three pipes and three necessities", he is responsible for the safety management of the company's production and operation activities. When formulating the operation plan, he did not identify the risk of collapse in the mud cleaning operation of the raw material plant, did not put forward suggestions to improve the safety production management for the mixed posts of personnel, and did not implement the post safety responsibility. When signing the work order, he did not implement the safety measures one by one and signed to agree to the operation, and he had an important leadership responsibility for the accident. The above facts violate the provisions of Article 25, Item 5 [ 13 ] of the Production Safety Law of the People's Republic of China. According to the provisions of Article 96 [12] of the Production Safety Law of the People's Republic of China, it is suggested that the Municipal Emergency Management Bureau impose administrative penalties. (7) Liu Moufei, Safety Officer of Raw Material Plant of Ningxia Jinyuyuan Resources Recycling Co., Ltd. As the safety officer of the raw material unit, he participated in the preparation of the operation procedures for the safety production of the raw material unit of the cement system, which were not perfect; the organization and development of hazard identification and assessment were not in place, and the collapse risk of the concentration tank of the raw material unit was not identified after serious sludge accumulation; He did not put forward suggestions to improve the safety production management for the responsibilities that did not belong to the full-time safety officer's post and the situation that the personnel of the raw material plant were mixed and disorderly, and he was responsible for the accident. The above facts violate the provisions of Article 25 (1), (3) and (5) [ 14 ] of the Production Safety Law of the People's Republic of China . It is suggested that administrative penalties be imposed by the Municipal Emergency Management Bureau. 5. Accident prevention and rectification measures (1) Ningxia Jinyuyuan Resources Recycling Co., Ltd. First, strictly fulfill the main responsibility of production safety of production and business units. We will conscientiously organize the study and implementation of General Secretary Xi Jinping's important expositions on safety production and laws and regulations such as the Safety Production Law of the People's Republic of China, so as to effectively improve personnel's awareness of safety responsibility and enhance the company's safety production management level. The second is to carry out safety risk identification in an all-round way. In accordance with the requirements of "Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region Safety Production Risk Management and Control and Safety Production Accident Hidden Danger Investigation and Management Measures", organize personnel to comprehensively investigate all kinds of safety risks existing in production and operation activities, revise the list of safety production risk classification management and control, and do a good job in production and operation activities. Corresponding safety precautions should be taken to eliminate hidden dangers of production safety accidents in time. Third, improve the operation rules of safety production in enterprises. In view of the imperfect operation rules exposed by the accident, combined with the actual situation of the enterprise, the personnel were organized to revise the safety production operation rules. After the revision and improvement, special training will be organized for practitioners and strict implementation will be supervised. Fourth, we should promote the implementation of the responsibility system for safe production by all staff. Combining with the actual situation of enterprises, we should standardize the establishment and allocation of post employees to prevent the lack of post safety responsibility due to heavy tasks, shortage of personnel and confusion of personnel. Fifth, educate and urge employees to strictly implement safety production rules and regulations. Strengthen the systematic training of safety production rules and regulations and strictly supervise the full implementation of safety production rules and regulations by employees, so as to prevent the occurrence of non-standard procedures for examination and approval of work tickets and the failure to wear and use labor protection articles in accordance with regulations. Sixth, strengthen the management of special operators. Article 30 of the Production Safety Law of the People's Republic of China stipulates that the special operators of production and business units must undergo special safety training in accordance with the relevant provisions of the State and obtain corresponding qualifications before they can work on their posts. However, none of the three employees who worked at heights this time obtained the qualification for working at heights. Enterprises should strengthen the management of special operation personnel and avoid arranging personnel without special operation qualification to carry out special operation. (2) Qingtongxia Town People's Government. We should firmly establish the concept of safety development, hold warning education meetings, inform enterprises within our jurisdiction of the accident, urge other enterprises to draw lessons from the accident, and earnestly implement territorial management responsibilities in accordance with the requirements of "the management industry must be in charge of safety, the management business must be in charge of safety, and the management of production and operation must be in charge of safety". We will continue to carry out large-scale investigation and rectification of production safety, urge enterprises within our jurisdiction to strictly fulfill their main responsibilities for production safety, strengthen the construction of a dual prevention system of safety risk classification control and hidden danger investigation and management, open up the "last mile" of safety supervision, and curb the occurrence of various production safety accidents. (3) Qingtongxia Emergency Management Bureau. We should firmly establish the concept of safety development, inform the enterprises in the industries under our jurisdiction of the accident, urge other enterprises to draw lessons from the accident, and earnestly implement the responsibility of safety supervision of the departments in accordance with the requirements of "the management industry must be in charge of safety, the management business must be in charge of safety, and the management of production and operation must be in charge of safety". We will continue to carry out large-scale investigation and rectification of production safety, urge supervisory enterprises to strictly fulfill their main responsibilities for production safety, strengthen the construction of a dual prevention system of safety risk classification control and hidden danger investigation and management, and curb the occurrence of various production safety accidents. (4) Departments (units) responsible for the supervision and administration of production safety.Members of the security committees should further strengthen the supervision of production safety in various industries, strictly implement the requirements of the Safety Production Law of the People's Republic of China that "the management industry must be in charge of safety, the management business must be in charge of safety, and the management of production and operation must be in charge of safety", and take strong measures to ensure the safety of production. To urge enterprises to build and improve the dual prevention mechanism of safety risk classification control and hidden danger investigation and management, to form a joint force of joint management, to carry out in-depth three-year action to tackle the root causes of safety production, to focus on key areas and easily neglected "small parts", and to combine with special rectification actions such as "two checks, two defenses and two promotions", resolutely prevent first and prevent first. We will resolutely curb the occurrence of all kinds of accidents and ensure that the situation of safe production in the city continues to be stable and good. Ningxia Jinyuyuan Resources Recycling Co., Ltd. "7.20" General Collapse Accident Investigation Team August 26, 2025 [1] Article 30 of the Production Safety Law of the People's Republic of China: The special operation personnel of the production and business operation entities must receive special safety operation training in accordance with the relevant provisions of the State and obtain corresponding qualifications before they can take up their posts. [2] Paragraph 1 of Article 41 of the Production Safety Law of the People's Republic of China: The production and business operation entity shall establish a safety risk classification management and control system, and take corresponding management and control measures according to the safety risk classification. [3] Paragraph 1 of Article 44 of the Production Safety Law of the People's Republic of China: The production and business operation entity shall educate and urge the employees to strictly implement the production safety rules and regulations and safety operation rules of the entity, and truthfully inform the employees of the dangerous factors, preventive measures and emergency measures for accidents existing in the workplace and work posts. [4] Article 45 of the Production Safety Law of the People's Republic of China: The production and business operation entities must provide the employees with labor protection articles that conform to the national or industrial standards, and supervise and educate the employees to wear and use them in accordance with the rules of use. [5] Article 114 of the Production Safety Law of the People's Republic of China: In the event of a production safety accident, the responsible production and business operation entity shall be required to bear the corresponding compensation and other liabilities according to law, and the emergency management department shall impose a fine in accordance with the following provisions: (1) In the event of a general accident, a fine of not less than 300,000 yuan but not more than 1 million yuan shall be imposed. [6] Article 21 of the Production Safety Law of the People's Republic of China: The principal responsible person of a production and business operation entity shall bear the following responsibilities for the work of production safety of the entity: (1) Establish, improve and implement the responsibility system for production safety of the whole staff of the entity, and strengthen the standardization of production safety; (2) To organize the formulation and implementation of the rules and regulations and operating procedures for the safe production of the unit; (5) To organize the establishment and implementation of the dual prevention mechanism for the hierarchical management and control of safety risks and the investigation and treatment of hidden dangers, supervise and inspect the safe production of the unit, and eliminate the hidden dangers of production safety accidents in time. [7] Item 1 of Article 95 of the Production Safety Law of the People's Republic of China: Where the principal responsible person of a production and business operation entity fails to perform his duties of production safety management as prescribed in this Law, resulting in a production safety accident, the emergency management department shall impose a fine in accordance with the following provisions: A fine of 40% of the annual income of the previous year. [8] Article 25 of the Production Safety Law of the People's Republic of China: The production safety management organization and the production safety management personnel of a production and business operation entity shall perform the following duties: (1) To organize or participate in the formulation of the production safety rules and regulations, operating procedures and emergency rescue plans for production safety accidents of the entity; (3) To organize the identification and assessment of hazard sources, and supervise the implementation of safety management measures for major hazard sources of the unit; (5) To inspect the safety production status of the unit, timely investigate the hidden dangers of production safety accidents, and put forward suggestions for improving the safety production management; (6) To stop and correct the acts of commanding in violation of regulations, forcing risky operations, and violating the operation rules. [9] Article 96 of the Production Safety Law of the People's Republic of China: If any other person in charge of a production and business operation entity or any person in charge of production safety fails to perform his duties for the administration of production safety as prescribed in this Law, he shall be ordered to make corrections within a time limit and shall be fined not less than 10,000 yuan but not more than 30,000 yuan; If a production safety accident is caused, the qualification related to production safety shall be suspended or revoked, and a fine of not less than 20% but not more than 50% of the annual income of the previous year shall be imposed. If a crime is constituted, criminal responsibility shall be investigated in accordance with the relevant provisions of the Criminal Law. [10] Article 25 of the Production Safety Law of the People's Republic of China: The production safety management organization and the production safety management personnel of a production and business operation entity shall perform the following duties: (1) To organize or participate in the formulation of the production safety rules and regulations, operating procedures and emergency rescue plans for production safety accidents of the entity; (3) To organize the identification and assessment of hazard sources, and supervise the implementation of safety management measures for major hazard sources of the unit; (5) To inspect the safety production status of the unit, timely investigate the hidden dangers of production safety accidents, and put forward suggestions for improving the safety production management. [11] Article 25 of the Production Safety Law of the People's Republic of China: The production safety management organization and the production safety management personnel of a production and business operation entity shall perform the following duties: (5) To inspect the production safety situation of the entity, promptly investigate the hidden dangers of production safety accidents, and put forward suggestions for improving the production safety management; (6) To stop and correct the acts of commanding in violation of regulations, forcing risky operations and violating operating rules. [12] Article 96 of the Production Safety Law of the People's Republic of China: If any other person in charge of a production and business operation entity or any person in charge of production safety fails to perform his duties of administration of production safety as prescribed in this Law, he shall be ordered to make corrections within a time limit and shall be fined not less than 10,000 yuan but not more than 30,000 yuan; If a production safety accident is caused, the qualifications related to production safety shall be suspended or revoked, and a fine of not less than 20% but not more than 50% of the annual income of the previous year shall be imposed. If a crime is constituted, criminal responsibility shall be investigated in accordance with the relevant provisions of the Criminal Law. [13] Article 25 of the Production Safety Law of the People's Republic of China: The production safety management organization and the production safety management personnel of a production and business operation entity shall perform the following duties: (5) To inspect the production safety situation of the entity, promptly investigate the hidden dangers of production safety accidents, and put forward suggestions for improving the production safety management. [14] Article 25 of the Production Safety Law of the People's Republic of China: The production safety management organization and the production safety management personnel of a production and business operation entity shall perform the following duties: (1) To organize or participate in the formulation of the production safety rules and regulations, operating procedures and emergency rescue plans for production safety accidents of the entity; (3) To organize the identification and assessment of hazard sources, and supervise the implementation of safety management measures for major hazard sources of the unit; (5) To inspect the safety production status of the unit, timely investigate the hidden dangers of production safety accidents, and put forward suggestions for improving the safety production management. [15] Article 96 of the Production Safety Law of the People's Republic of China: If any other person in charge of a production and business operation entity or any person in charge of production safety fails to perform his duties for the administration of production safety as prescribed in this Law, he shall be ordered to make corrections within a time limit and shall be fined not less than 10,000 yuan but not more than 30,000 yuan; If a production safety accident is caused, the qualifications related to production safety shall be suspended or revoked, and a fine of not less than 20% but not more than 50% of the annual income of the previous year shall be imposed. If a crime is constituted, criminal responsibility shall be investigated in accordance with the relevant provisions of the Criminal Law.
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